Illegal tin miners work at a vast open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 8, 2016. Decades of tin mining by corporations made the valley size of an open-pit into a plain.
Illegal tin miners work at a vast open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on...READ ON
Illegal tin miners work at a vast open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 8, 2016. Decades of tin mining by corporations made the valley size of an open-pit into a plain.
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Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 9, 2016.
Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island,...READ ON
Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 9, 2016.
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Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 5, 2016.
Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island,...READ ON
Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 5, 2016.
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Illegal tin miners work at an offshore tin mine at Rebo Beach in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal miners dig into seabed 5 to 7 meters deep without proper protection gears. They get oxygen through a thin rubber tube connected to a motor on a pontoon. Sometimes a worker gets buried and killed by an underwater landslide even without noticing it. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
Illegal tin miners work at an offshore tin mine at Rebo Beach in Bangka Island,...READ ON
Illegal tin miners work at an offshore tin mine at Rebo Beach in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal miners dig into seabed 5 to 7 meters deep without proper protection gears. They get oxygen through a thin rubber tube connected to a motor on a pontoon. Sometimes a worker gets buried and killed by an underwater landslide even without noticing it. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
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Illegal tin miners work at an offshore tin mine at Rebo Beach in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal miners dig into seabed 5 to 7 meters deep without proper protection gears. They get oxygen through a thin rubber tube connected to a motor on a pontoon. Sometimes a worker gets buried and killed by an underwater landslide even without noticing it. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
Illegal tin miners work at an offshore tin mine at Rebo Beach in Bangka Island,...READ ON
Illegal tin miners work at an offshore tin mine at Rebo Beach in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal miners dig into seabed 5 to 7 meters deep without proper protection gears. They get oxygen through a thin rubber tube connected to a motor on a pontoon. Sometimes a worker gets buried and killed by an underwater landslide even without noticing it. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
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An illegal tin miner gathers tins from mixed ocean sand on a pontoon near Rebo Beach, Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
An illegal tin miner gathers tins from mixed ocean sand on a pontoon near Rebo Beach,...READ ON
An illegal tin miner gathers tins from mixed ocean sand on a pontoon near Rebo Beach, Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
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An illegal tin miner gathers tins from mixed ocean sand on a pontoon near Rebo Beach, Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
An illegal tin miner gathers tins from mixed ocean sand on a pontoon near Rebo Beach,...READ ON
An illegal tin miner gathers tins from mixed ocean sand on a pontoon near Rebo Beach, Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
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Roaidi and his son Kuruniawan rest on his fishing boat at West Bangka sea, Indonesia, on May 7, 2016. Roaidi, a 50 years old fisherman native to the area, claims that the ocean is seriously damaged by offshore tin mining. He used to get 25~35kg of fish per day in 1 mile from the shore, but he has to sail to 25 miles from the coast to get that amount.
Roaidi and his son Kuruniawan rest on his fishing boat at West Bangka sea, Indonesia, on...READ ON
Roaidi and his son Kuruniawan rest on his fishing boat at West Bangka sea, Indonesia, on May 7, 2016. Roaidi, a 50 years old fisherman native to the area, claims that the ocean is seriously damaged by offshore tin mining. He used to get 25~35kg of fish per day in 1 mile from the shore, but he has to sail to 25 miles from the coast to get that amount.
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Illegal miners work at wooden rafts to dredge for tin ore in a mining pit in the forest near Rambat village in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 7, 2016. Most of these illegal miners are from outside of Bangka Island, and they brought many problems like drugs, prostitution, robbery, etc., to the local community. Environmental destruction is a huge problem as well. Environmental destruction is a huge problem as well.
Illegal miners work at wooden rafts to dredge for tin ore in a mining pit in the forest...READ ON
Illegal miners work at wooden rafts to dredge for tin ore in a mining pit in the forest near Rambat village in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 7, 2016. Most of these illegal miners are from outside of Bangka Island, and they brought many problems like drugs, prostitution, robbery, etc., to the local community. Environmental destruction is a huge problem as well. Environmental destruction is a huge problem as well.
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Illegal tin miners cut down trees to make a pit at an illegal tin mine in the forest near Rambat village at Bangka Barat in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 7, 2016. Most of these illegal miners are from outside of Bangka Island, and they brought many problems like drugs, prostitution, robbery, etc., to the local community. Environmental destruction is a huge problem as well. Environmental destruction is a huge problem as well.
Illegal tin miners cut down trees to make a pit at an illegal tin mine in the forest near...READ ON
Illegal tin miners cut down trees to make a pit at an illegal tin mine in the forest near Rambat village at Bangka Barat in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 7, 2016. Most of these illegal miners are from outside of Bangka Island, and they brought many problems like drugs, prostitution, robbery, etc., to the local community. Environmental destruction is a huge problem as well. Environmental destruction is a huge problem as well.
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Riki, an illegal tin miner, sits and rests at an open pit in an abandoned tin mine in the forest in Mongkol, Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 8, 2016. He tried to get some tin to make money for his daughter's birthday present.
Riki, an illegal tin miner, sits and rests at an open pit in an abandoned tin mine in the...READ ON
Riki, an illegal tin miner, sits and rests at an open pit in an abandoned tin mine in the forest in Mongkol, Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 8, 2016. He tried to get some tin to make money for his daughter's birthday present.
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Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 5, 2016.
Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island,...READ ON
Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 5, 2016.
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Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 5, 2016.
Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island,...READ ON
Illegal tin miners work at an abandoned open pit at Air Anyir in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 5, 2016.
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Illegal tin miners work at an offshore tin mine at Rebo Beach in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal miners dig into seabed 5 to 7 meters deep without proper protection gears. They get oxygen through a thin rubber tube connected to a motor on a pontoon. Sometimes a worker gets buried and killed by an underwater landslide even without noticing it. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
Illegal tin miners work at an offshore tin mine at Rebo Beach in Bangka Island,...READ ON
Illegal tin miners work at an offshore tin mine at Rebo Beach in Bangka Island, Indonesia, on May 6, 2016. Illegal miners dig into seabed 5 to 7 meters deep without proper protection gears. They get oxygen through a thin rubber tube connected to a motor on a pontoon. Sometimes a worker gets buried and killed by an underwater landslide even without noticing it. Illegal offshore tin mine has destroyed sea environment particularly coral reefs.
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Paino, a 38 year old illegal tin miner from Lampung in Sumatra takes pose for a portrait on a pontoon near Rebo Beach, Bangka Island, Indonesia on May 6, 2016. Paino, has worked in tin mining industry as a minier for 15 years.
Paino, a 38 year old illegal tin miner from Lampung in Sumatra takes pose for a portrait...READ ON
Paino, a 38 year old illegal tin miner from Lampung in Sumatra takes pose for a portrait on a pontoon near Rebo Beach, Bangka Island, Indonesia on May 6, 2016. Paino, has worked in tin mining industry as a minier for 15 years.
Bangka Island, at first glance, is just one of Indonesia's 17,000 islands with one million population. However, the island twice the size of Seoul is a significant hub for tin mining worldwide since 1710. From the tools of the Bronze age to electronic devices like phones, tin has been used essentially in human material civilization with its ductility, malleability, and melting point. And Bangka Island accounts for more than 30% of the world's tin output, and 60% of the island's population is directly or indirectly engaged in tin mining. However, for past decades, worldwide soaring demands for tin brought out countless illegal mining, and the whole island is facing severe environmental destruction and human exploitation as consequences. The flat land has been constantly dug into valleys for hundreds of years, and the expansion of tin mining is destroying forests. Underwater mining is exterminating the coral reefs of beaches and the island's fishing industry. Even ordinary citizens dig up a handful of tin and sell it to smugglers to raise their living expenses, and the entire island is falling deeper into the curse of tin. The Indonesian government has threatened to crack down on illegal tin mining and distribution since several years ago, but normalization of the tin mining industry, where corrupt officials, police, and local squires are deeply involved, seems far from possible. Environmental destruction and pollution, the fall of agriculture and fisheries, the collapse of the island's economy are dragging the island into an irreversible swamp of doom. Still, mining machines and islanders are digging into the bottom of the island without stopping in mines, fields, forests, and beaches. I do hope it's my groundless apprehension to overlap Bangka island with the Mother Earth being destroyed by environmental destruction, climate change, and above all, endless human greed.
방카섬. 서울의 두 배 정도 크기에 인구 백십만 정도의 이 섬은 인도네시아의 17,000여 개의 섬 중 하나이자 1710년 이래 전 세계 주석 생산의 주요 거점이다. 기원전 3000년 이전부터 인류가 사용해 온 주석은 은백색의 고체 금속으로 뛰어난 연성과 전성, 녹는 점 이 높다는 특성으로 합금으로 많이 사용되며 청동기 시대를 열었으며, 현대에 이르러서는 전자제품 제작에 필수적인 납땜 과정에 반드시 사용되는 금속이다. 그야말로 인류 문명에 필수적인 주석의 전 세계 생산량 30% 이상을 차지하고 있는 곳이 바로 방카섬이며, 방 카섬 인구의 60%가 직간접적으로 주석 채굴에 임하고 있으니 섬 자체가 주석 덩어리라 할 수 있을 정도이다.. 하지만 300여 년간 계속된 채굴과 특히 지난 20여 년간 전자제품 산업의 폭발적 성장에 따른 주석에 대한 수요 급증은 섬 자체를 괴멸적인 상태로 몰아가고 있다. 평평했던 대지 는 수백 년간 끊임없이 파여서 계곡이 되었고, 주석 채굴의 확장은 울창한 숲을 파괴하고 있으며 해변과 인근 해역으로 퍼진 수중 채굴은 방카섬의 어업을 황폐화해버리고 있다. 주석 채굴업에 관여하지 않던 일반 시민들조차 생활비를 마련하기 위해 집 주변이나 버려 진 채굴장에서 한 줌의 주석을 캐어 밀거래상에게 판매하고 있을 정도이니, 섬 전체가 주 석의 저주에 점점 깊이 빠져들고 있는 상황이다. 인도네시아 정부는 5년 전부터 불법적인 주석 채굴과 유통을 단속하겠다고 엄포했으나 부패한 공무원과 경찰들, 지역 토호 세 력들이 깊이 관여하고 있는 주석 채굴업의 정상화는 요원해 보인다. 환경파괴와 오염, 농업과 어업 등의 몰락, 이로 인한 섬 자체 경제의 붕괴로 인해 방카섬 은 서서히 불가역적인 파멸의 늪으로 빠져들고 있으며 채굴업체의 기계들과 섬 주민들은 광산에서, 벌판에서, 숲속에서, 해변에서 멈추지 않고 섬의 바닥을 파고들어 가고 있다. 이러한 방카섬의 모습에서 환경파괴와 기후변화, 무엇보다도 멈출 줄 모르는 인류의 탐욕 으로 인해 망가져 가는 지구의 모습이 겹쳐 보이는 건 기우일까.
Photojournalist Shin Woong-jae
The portfolio of a South Korean photojournalist Shin Woong-jae. í¬í† ì €ë„리스트 ì‹ ì›…ìž¬ì˜ ì›¹ í¬íЏí´ë¦¬ì˜¤.